We review and extend the formalism introduced by Peliti, that maps a Markov process to a path-integral representation. After developing the mapping, we apply it to some illustrative examples: the ...

As is well known, the normal distribution is a key tool in probability and statistics. It can be described as a distribution that obeys a universal rule derived from one of the most important theorems ...

Abstract: This paper presents an analysis of the average bit error probability (ABEP) based on the moment generating function (MGF) over the Beaulieu-Xie fading ...

1 Department of Mathematics, Kotebe University of Education, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2 Department of Statistics, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The main purpose of this paper is to ...

The Galaxy Z Fold 6’s ‘sketch to image’ tool is ridiculous, fun, and slightly worrying. The Galaxy Z Fold 6’s ‘sketch to image’ tool is ridiculous, fun, and slightly worrying. is a senior reviewer ...

Outsourcing has become a go-to strategy for many companies seeking cost reduction and process optimization. In some cases, turning to external talent can help save money and free up valuable time for ...

In the domain of reasoning under uncertainty, probabilistic graphical models (PGMs) have long been a prominent tool for data analysis. These models provide a structured framework for representing ...

Proteins, the natural molecules that carry out key cellular functions within the body, are the building blocks of all diseases. Characterizing proteins can reveal the mechanisms of a disease, ...

Abstract: This paper investigates the problem of variable-length source coding with the criteria of the normalized cumulant generating function of codeword lengths and the excess distortion ...