This study examined the temporal profile of spatial frequency processing in a word reading task in 16 normal adult readers. They had to report the word presented in a 200 ms display using a ...

Counterintuitively, the mental abilities that seem simplest to humans are often the hardest to achieve in artificial intelligence (AI)—a fact known as Moravec’s paradox 1. The most well-known example ...

The architecture and processes underlying visual word recognition represent some of the most intricate systems in human cognition. The seemingly simple act of reading a word involves not only a ...

The latest round of language models, like GPT-4o and Gemini 1.5 Pro, are touted as “multimodal,” able to understand images and audio as well as text. But a new study makes clear that they don’t really ...

The architecture and processes underlying visual word recognition represent some of the most intricate systems in human cognition. The seemingly simple act of reading a word involves not only a ...