This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract Hidden Markov models (HMMs) are flexible time series models in which the distribution of the observations depends on unobserved serially ...
Drought is a naturally occurring climate phenomenon that significantly affects human and environmental activity, and can be considered one of the most widespread and destructive natural disasters.
Download PDF More Formats on IMF eLibrary Order a Print Copy Create Citation This paper proposes a hidden state Markov model (HMM) that incorporates workers’ unobserved labor market attachment into ...