That was almost 50 years ago; since then, Microsoft has embraced open-source software. In recent years, Microsoft has started releasing some of its classic operating systems and programs as open ...

We all probably know that for ultimate control and maximum performance, you need assembly language. No matter how good your compiler is, you’ll almost always be able to do better by using your human ...

Once we’ve built a computer, the next step is to develop an assembly language and then an assembler that can assemble our programs. In my previous column, we introduced the concept of the big-endian ...

Presents the organization and operation of a conventional computer, including principal instruction types, data representation, addressing modes, program control, I/O, assembly language programming, ...

In 1977, Commodore licensed BASIC for $25,000 as a one-time payment, securing perpetual use without royalties.

First, architecture basics are detailed with information on the register sets, data types, and memory and instruction formats. Next, instruction set extensions are detailed, which include Intel® ...

Documents 1986.0463.14, 1983.0463.15, and 1983.0463.16 are stored in a three-ring binder that is marked on the front cover: MITS “Creative Electronics” ALTAIR DOCUMENTATION. The notebook is signed on ...

"Rick Weiland and I (Bill Gates) wrote the 6502 BASIC," Gates commented on the Page Table blog in 2010. "I put the WAIT ...