Historically, drawing has been the lingua franca of architects, but today, software reigns. 3D modeling has displaced hand-drawing and photorealist renderings are the standardthe only way to meet ...

How were the concepts of the observer and user in architecture and urban planning transformed throughout the 20th and 21st centuries? Marianna Charitonidou explores how the mutations of the means of ...

As Francis D. K. Ching explains in his book Architectural Graphics, unlike the traditional, two-dimensional orthographic drawings used to represent layouts, sections, and floorplans, which only allow ...