Strasburg is a city in northeastern Cass County, Missouri, United States. The population was 141 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Kansas …Strasburg is a city in northeastern Cass County, Missouri, United States. The population was 141 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Kansas City metropolitan area. Strasburg was originally called Crawford's Fork, and under the latter name was founded in the 1860s. The present name is after the city of Strasbourg, then in Germany, but now part of France.